Russia
Eastern Europe • RUS
Last updated: May 8, 2026
Russia is a vast country spanning Eastern Europe and Northern Asia, renowned for its rich history, imperial architecture, and profound contributions to literature and the arts. Visitors can explore grand cities like Moscow and St. Petersburg, which offer a blend of historic charm and modern cosmopolitan life.
Visa Requirements
Most foreign nationals require a visa to enter Russia, which typically involves obtaining an invitation letter from a hotel or host before applying at a consulate. A simplified electronic visa (e-visa) is available for citizens of many countries for short-term tourism visits.
Typically Required Documents
- Valid passport with at least six months of remaining validity
- Completed visa application form
- Recent passport-sized photograph
- Visa support letter or official invitation
- Proof of medical insurance valid for the duration of the stay
Popular Attractions
Red Square and the Kremlin: Located in the heart of Moscow, these iconic sites house historic cathedrals, the seat of government, and the tomb of Lenin.
The State Hermitage Museum: Situated in St. Petersburg, this massive museum is one of the oldest and largest in the world, holding millions of artistic works.
Saint Basil's Cathedral: Famous for its colorful, onion-shaped domes, this architectural masterpiece on Red Square is a symbol of Russian identity.
Lake Baikal: As the deepest and oldest freshwater lake on Earth, it is a stunning natural wonder that offers breathtaking landscapes and unique wildlife.
Peterhof Palace: Known as the 'Russian Versailles,' this palace complex features magnificent gardens and elaborate gold fountains overlooking the Gulf of Finland.
Local Customs & Etiquette
Remove your shoes when entering someone's home, as it is considered respectful to keep floors clean.
Do not shake hands over a threshold, as it is widely considered an unlucky omen in Russian superstition.
Bring an odd number of flowers when visiting a host; even numbers are traditionally reserved for funerals.
Expect to be offered food or tea, and it is considered polite to accept even a small amount to show appreciation.
Avoid smiling at strangers in public; in Russian culture, smiling is often reserved for friends and family, and strangers may view it as insincere.
Safety Tips
Keep your passport and visa documents in a secure place at all times, as authorities may request to see them.
Stick to well-lit, populated areas, especially when walking at night in major cities.
Register your arrival with local immigration authorities, as this is a legal requirement for foreigners staying longer than a few days.
Be cautious when using unofficial taxis; always use reputable ride-hailing apps to ensure fair pricing and safety.
Stay informed about current political events and avoid any public protests or demonstrations to prevent legal issues.
AI-generated content. Visa requirements vary by nationality — verify with the official embassy before travel.
Japanese Encephalitis
Source: CDC
Recommended for travelers who are moving to an area with Japanese encephalitis to live, spend long periods of time, such as a month or more, in areas with Japanese encephalitis, or frequently travel to areas with Japanese encephalitis.
View sourceHepatitis B
Source: CDC
Recommended for unvaccinated travelers younger than 60 years old traveling to Russia. Unvaccinated travelers 60 years and older may get vaccinated before traveling to Russia.
View sourceHepatitis A
Source: CDC
Recommended for unvaccinated travelers one year old or older going to Russia. Infants 6 to 11 months old should also be vaccinated against Hepatitis A. The dose does not count toward the routine 2-dose series.
View sourceMeasles-Mumps-Rubella (MMR)
Source: CDC
All international travelers should be fully vaccinated against measles with the MMR vaccine, including an early dose for infants 6–11 months, according to CDC’s measles vaccination recommendations for international travel.
View sourceYellow Fever
Source: CDC
Core Vaccines
Japanese Encephalitis
Source: CDC
Before travel
Recommended for travelers who are moving to an area with Japanese encephalitis to live, spend long periods of time, such as a month or more, in areas with Japanese encephalitis, or frequently travel to areas with Japanese encephalitis.
View sourceHepatitis B
Source: CDC
Before travel
Recommended for unvaccinated travelers younger than 60 years old traveling to Russia. Unvaccinated travelers 60 years and older may get vaccinated before traveling to Russia.
View sourceHepatitis A
Source: CDC
Before travel
Recommended for unvaccinated travelers one year old or older going to Russia. Infants 6 to 11 months old should also be vaccinated against Hepatitis A. The dose does not count toward the routine 2-dose series.
View sourceMeasles-Mumps-Rubella (MMR)
Source: CDC
Before travel
Ensure full vaccination against measles with the MMR vaccine, including an early dose for infants 6–11 months, according to CDC’s measles vaccination recommendations for international travel.
View sourceRoutine vaccines (MMR, Tdap, etc.)
Source: CDC
Ensure all routine vaccinations are up to date before traveling.
View sourceFor Most Travelers
COVID-19 vaccine
Source: CDC
Strongly recommended for travelers to minimize risk of severe illness.
View sourceInsect bite prevention
Source: CDC
To prevent mosquito and tick-borne diseases, use repellents and wear protective clothing.
View sourceTyphoid
Source: CDC
Recommended for travelers visiting smaller cities or rural areas where food and water safety is a concern.
View sourceHepatitis A
Source: CDC
Recommended for most travelers to prevent gastrointestinal illness from contaminated food and water.
View sourceItinerary-Specific
Meningococcal
Source: CDC
Recommended for teenagers and young adults traveling to risk areas to prevent meningitis.
View sourceRabies
Source: CDC
Consider vaccination for travelers engaging in outdoor activities or spending time around animals.
View sourceHepatitis B
Source: CDC
Recommended for travelers who may have intimate contact with local residents or need medical care.
View source