Russia
Eastern Europe • RUS
Last updated: May 8, 2026
Russia is a vast and culturally rich destination offering a unique blend of imperial history, breathtaking landscapes, and world-class arts. Visitors can explore grand cities like Moscow and Saint Petersburg or traverse the expansive Siberian wilderness to experience the country's diverse heritage.
Visa Requirements
Most foreign nationals require a formal visa to enter Russia, which must be obtained from a Russian embassy or consulate prior to travel based on an official invitation.
Typically Required Documents
- Valid passport with at least two blank pages and six months validity
- Completed visa application form
- Official visa invitation letter (tourist voucher)
- Travel medical insurance policy
- Passport-sized color photographs
Popular Attractions
The Moscow Kremlin and Red Square are the heart of the capital, housing historic cathedrals and the iconic Saint Basil's Cathedral.
The Hermitage Museum in Saint Petersburg is one of the largest and oldest museums in the world, featuring an immense collection of art and cultural treasures.
The Bolshoi Theatre is a historic landmark renowned for hosting world-class ballet and opera performances.
Lake Baikal in Siberia is the world's deepest and oldest freshwater lake, offering stunning natural beauty and outdoor adventures.
The Peterhof Palace, known as the Russian Versailles, features opulent interiors and magnificent fountains located along the Gulf of Finland.
Local Customs & Etiquette
Always remove your shoes when entering someone's home to show respect for their living space.
It is customary to bring an odd number of flowers when visiting a host, as even numbers are typically associated with funerals.
Avoid shaking hands across a threshold, as this is considered an omen of bad luck and conflict.
Tipping is becoming more common in restaurants, generally around 10 percent if a service charge is not already included.
Refusing a drink or food offering may be seen as impolite; it is better to accept a small amount even if you cannot finish it.
Safety Tips
Always carry your original passport and registration documents with you, as police have the authority to check identification.
Stick to well-lit, populated areas at night and avoid wandering into unfamiliar outskirts of major cities.
Only use registered taxi apps or pre-booked transportation services rather than hailing unlicensed cabs on the street.
Be vigilant against pickpockets in crowded tourist spots, particularly in metro stations and busy shopping centers.
Exercise caution when consuming tap water; it is highly recommended to drink bottled or filtered water throughout your stay.
AI-generated content. Visa requirements vary by nationality — verify with the official embassy before travel.
Japanese Encephalitis
Source: CDC
Recommended for travelers who are moving to an area with Japanese encephalitis to live, spend long periods of time, such as a month or more, in areas with Japanese encephalitis, or frequently travel to areas with Japanese encephalitis.
View sourceHepatitis B
Source: CDC
Recommended for unvaccinated travelers younger than 60 years old traveling to Russia. Unvaccinated travelers 60 years and older may get vaccinated before traveling to Russia.
View sourceHepatitis A
Source: CDC
Recommended for unvaccinated travelers one year old or older going to Russia. Infants 6 to 11 months old should also be vaccinated against Hepatitis A. The dose does not count toward the routine 2-dose series.
View sourceMeasles-Mumps-Rubella (MMR)
Source: CDC
All international travelers should be fully vaccinated against measles with the MMR vaccine, including an early dose for infants 6–11 months, according to CDC’s measles vaccination recommendations for international travel.
View sourceYellow Fever
Source: CDC
Core Vaccines
Japanese Encephalitis
Source: CDC
Before travel
Recommended for travelers who are moving to an area with Japanese encephalitis to live, spend long periods of time, such as a month or more, in areas with Japanese encephalitis, or frequently travel to areas with Japanese encephalitis.
View sourceHepatitis B
Source: CDC
Before travel
Recommended for unvaccinated travelers younger than 60 years old traveling to Russia. Unvaccinated travelers 60 years and older may get vaccinated before traveling to Russia.
View sourceHepatitis A
Source: CDC
Before travel
Recommended for unvaccinated travelers one year old or older going to Russia. Infants 6 to 11 months old should also be vaccinated against Hepatitis A. The dose does not count toward the routine 2-dose series.
View sourceMeasles-Mumps-Rubella (MMR)
Source: CDC
Before travel
Ensure full vaccination against measles with the MMR vaccine, including an early dose for infants 6–11 months, according to CDC’s measles vaccination recommendations for international travel.
View sourceRoutine vaccines (MMR, Tdap, etc.)
Source: CDC
Ensure all routine vaccinations are up to date before traveling.
View sourceFor Most Travelers
COVID-19 vaccine
Source: CDC
Strongly recommended for travelers to minimize risk of severe illness.
View sourceInsect bite prevention
Source: CDC
To prevent mosquito and tick-borne diseases, use repellents and wear protective clothing.
View sourceTyphoid
Source: CDC
Recommended for travelers visiting smaller cities or rural areas where food and water safety is a concern.
View sourceHepatitis A
Source: CDC
Recommended for most travelers to prevent gastrointestinal illness from contaminated food and water.
View sourceItinerary-Specific
Meningococcal
Source: CDC
Recommended for teenagers and young adults traveling to risk areas to prevent meningitis.
View sourceRabies
Source: CDC
Consider vaccination for travelers engaging in outdoor activities or spending time around animals.
View sourceHepatitis B
Source: CDC
Recommended for travelers who may have intimate contact with local residents or need medical care.
View source